A US federal judge struck down a vast lease sale for drilling rights in the Gulf of America, casting doubt over future oil well interventions in the region.
According to various news reports, the judge ruled that Lease Sale 261, held by the Biden Administration, violated environmental regulations, halting activities across more than 283,280 sq km of federal waters.
Organised by the Bureau of Ocean Energy Management (BOEM), the sale had auctioned off approximately 6,475 sq km for US$261.7mn.
The oil and gas lease sale was located in Gulf waters off the coast of Louisiana, and could threaten the survival of the endangered Rice’s whale species, according to environmental groups.
Statistics have placed the number of whales to just below 100 individuals.
Companies such as Chevron, ExxonMobil, and Shell secured leases aimed at boosting production in the Gulf, which supplies 14% of US crude oil, according to the US Energy Information Administration. However, environmental organisations, including Earthjustice and Sierra Club, challenged the sale, claiming it disregarded climate change consequences and risks to the endangered Rice’s whale.
The judge's decision hinged on the National Environmental Policy Act, finding that BOEM failed to properly evaluate the greenhouse gas emissions tied to future oil and gas output. The judge highlighted potential dangers from vessel strikes and noise pollution caused by drilling, deeming BOEM’s environmental analysis inadequate.
The ruling disrupts plans for oil well interventions and new subsea developments. Those projects are now in jeopardy, with the industry awaiting a resolution that could involve a revised review or cancellation of the leases entirely.
Associated Press added that The American Petroleum Institute, or API, an oil and gas trade association representing more than 600 firms and a party to the Gulf Coast case, said it is evaluating its options after this week’s ruling.
Negotiations to determine next steps are underway, but the immediate impact is clear, as billions in investments and planned interventions in the Gulf hang in the balance, leaving operators scrambling to adapt.
As the legal wrangle continues, the ruling underscores the growing tension between energy demands and environmental protection, with the Gulf of America at the centre of the debate.
Petrofac’s Asset Solutions division has secured a series of new contracts and scope expansions in the first quarter of 2025, amounting to US$500mn.
These awards reflect the company’s growing presence in key markets and emerging geographies, spanning late-life asset management, decommissioning, and integrated services.
The contracts, awarded across the UK, Europe, the Middle East, Africa, Asia Pacific, and the US, bolster Petrofac’s footprint in established sectors while driving expansion into targeted regions. This significant momentum builds on a strong performance in 2024, reinforcing the company’s strategic vision.
Chief Operating Officer John Pearson commented on the achievement, stating, “Following a strong year for awards in 2024, our Asset Solutions business has had a great start to 2025 with half a billion dollars’ worth of scopes and contract expansions secured already, and a strong pipeline of opportunities across a range of geographies during the remainder of the year.”
Highlighting Petrofac’s expertise, Pearson added, “These awards, with a range of clients, demonstrate the strength in our mature asset management and decommissioning offering, and form part of our strategy to expand our services into selected new geographies. We look forward to continuing this trajectory throughout the remainder of 2025 and beyond.”
This announcement follows Petrofac’s Emirates subsidiary securing an engineering, procurement, and construction (EPC) contract with ADNOC Gas in January 2025. Valued at US$335mn, the deal covers new compression facilities for the Habshan Complex, reinforcing Petrofac’s role in critical infrastructure projects.
Managing Director at Eye-bot Aerial Solutions, David Palmerton, has analysed the current decommissioning ambit within the Gulf of America, the challenges posed by the vast scope of end-of-life work to carry out, and how robotics and data-driven technologies play an integral role in transforming the market.
In the Gulf of America, a significant number of offshore oil and gas wells and platforms are overdue for decommissioning. According to the Bureau of Safety and Environmental Enforcement (BSEE), there are 1,366 offshore structures, with 273 having submitted decommissioning applications and 451 located on terminated leases, of which only 192 have pending decommissioning applications. These delays pose environmental risks, including potential leaks, structural failures, and threats to marine ecosystems as well as increased costs for operators and regulators.
The financial burden of decommissioning these structures is substantial, potentially reaching billions of dollars, with concerns that taxpayers may ultimately bear the cost if companies fail to meet their obligations. A significant portion of these wells are classified as orphaned or abandoned, meaning the companies responsible for their decommissioning no longer exist or lack the financial capability to carry out the required work.
Under regulations set out by the Interior Department, administered by BOEM and BSEE, operators are jointly and severally liable for decommissioning obligations. Even if a company transfers its lease to another operator, it remains responsible for ensuring that all abandonment and removal obligations are fulfilled. Operators must complete decommissioning within one year of lease termination or within three to five years of a structure becoming idle. However, with aging infrastructure and a backlog of overdue removals, BSEE has emphasised the need for proactive compliance throughout the life of a lease.
Given the magnitude of overdue decommissioning in the Gulf, oil and gas operators are turning to advanced technology to enhance pre-decommissioning inspections and streamline project planning. Drones, robotics, and AI-powered digital modelling are now at the forefront of assessing the structural integrity of offshore platforms, pipelines, and subsea infrastructure before decommissioning begins.
By deploying aerial and underwater drones, operators can conduct high-resolution LiDAR scans, ultrasonic inspections, and photogrammetry surveys without sending personnel into hazardous environments. These drone-based inspections provide real-time structural data, detecting corrosion, metal fatigue, and structural integrity risks before dismantling begins.
Simultaneously, AI-driven Building Information Modelling (BIM) and Simultaneous Localised and Mapping (SLAM)-based 3D mapping allow engineers to simulate decommissioning scenarios, optimise removal sequences and enhance worker safety.
The integration of data-driven decommissioning is reshaping offshore well abandonment practices, making projects safer, more efficient, and cost-effective. With thousands of overdue structures requiring removal, these technological advancements offer a critical solution for tackling the Gulf's growing decommissioning backlog.
The process begins with autonomous aerial and underwater drones conducting high-resolution scans of the platform. These drones are equipped with LiDAR, thermal imaging, and photogrammetry sensors, capable of capturing structural details down to the millimetre. The data collected is processed using SLAM technology, generating a real-time digital twin of the platform.
This BIM model provides:
For areas of the platform that are potentially unsafe for human entry, such as confined interiors or corroded sections, a quadruped robotic system is deployed. This autonomous robotic platform is equipped with a LiDAR camera, thermal sensors, and AI-driven navigation, allowing it to traverse hazardous environments, capture high-resolution scans and transmit critical data to the BIM model.
By integrating robotic mobility solutions, teams can inspect structural conditions without exposing personnel to risk, ensuring a complete and accurate dataset for decommissioning planning.
The digital twin model allows engineers to simulate decommissioning scenarios before physical execution, ensuring a safe and efficient process. Potential structural instabilities can be identified, allowing engineers to plan necessary reinforcement measures before deconstruction.
Key considerations for deconstruction planning include:
The decommissioning process is executed with robotic precision, leveraging drones, autonomous robotics and AI-driven modelling.
Some of the execution processes include:
A number of positive results can come from AI-driven decommissioning processes, including a 40% reduction in project time, enhanced worker safety, greater compliance with both regulatory and environmental standards, and increased material recycling and disposal.
As drone technology, AI-driven modelling, and autonomous robotics advance, offshore platform decommissioning is shifting toward zero-contact, data-driven precision. The integration of real-time digital twin modelling, predictive analytics, and autonomous robotic inspections marks the beginning of a fully AI-driven offshore decommissioning era.
This article was authored by David Palmerton, Managing Director at Eye-bot Aerial Solutions.
Constellation Oil Services Holiday (Constellation) has won a new contract with Petrobras for the deployment of a jackup drilling rig for a P&A campaign in the shallow waters of four Brazilian basins.
The agreement has a total value of US$170mn for P&A work in the Sergipe, Alagoas, Ceará and Potiguar basins being carried out by the Admarine 51 rig. The rig will be run and operated by Constellation, which will have up to 210 days to mobilise the rig from its current location in Bahrain to the Brazilian waters, where it will remain for 1,143 days (over three years) with the option to extend up to 472 days.
Rodrigo Ribeiro, CEO of Constellation, said, “We are excited to announce the signing of this new contract, marking our strategic return to shallow water operations and our entry into a promising market segment. This project is the second third-party owned asset to be operated by Constellation, aligning with our core competencies as Drilling Contractors and playing a vital role in Petrobras' ambitious decommissioning plans. The initiative will progress in stages, commencing with the P&A of a significant number of wells currently connected to these fixed platforms.”
Archer has announced that Equinor has awarded the company the planning work for the permanent plug and abandonment (P&A) of the Snorre UPA and Heidrun B&C templates.
With an extensive portfolio of P&A solutions, including a well engineering joint venture with Elemental Energies, Archer is uniquely positioned to provide end-to-end services covering planning, well engineering, and permanent well abandonment execution. This award underscores Archer's ongoing commitment to delivering cost-effective, high-quality services across the entire P&A value chain.
Commenting on the announcement, Dag Skindlo, CEO of Archer, stated, "We are honoured to have been selected by Equinor for this significant subsea P&A project. This contract reflects our team's deep expertise and dedication to subsea well P&A planning. We look forward to collaborating closely with Equinor to ensure the successful execution of this project as we strongly believe in a model where we combine well barrier design with well service specialist and new solutions. This will drive down the cost for operators."
The contract further strengthens Archer's position as a leader in the P&A market, both in Norway and globally, allowing the company to demonstrate its comprehensive expertise—from concept selection to the delivery of permanently plugged and abandoned wells.
To help the world transition to net zero, decommissioned oil and gas platforms can be repurposed into green energy hubs.
This includes offshore rigs for carbon capture and storage or storing and transporting hydrogen, a type of sustainable fuel that doesn’t emit carbon when it is burned. A report published on the World Economic Forum suggested using legacy oil platforms to produce green hydrogen, which is generated using renewable energy.
Scientists have said that resusing depleted oil and gas wells would allow operators to access geothermal heat in hot rock formations, eliminating upfront costs of drilling new wells and potentially making the technology more appealing to the industry.
Moreover, researchers have suggested that repurposing depleted oil and gas wells may significantly help mitigate potential environmental impacts of abandoned wells and allow operators to access geothermal heat in underground rock formations. It also provides new job opportunities in areas with rich energy industry traditions.
According to Arash Dahi Taleghani, professor of petroleum and natural gas engineering at Penn State, using existing wells can help maintain employment in the area while also allowing communities to be part of the energy future.
Shell Brasil Petroleo Ltd has reached a final investment decision (FID) with Modec Inc for a floating production storage and offloading (FPSO) vessel to be deployed at the Gato do Mato oil field, offshore Brazil.
The partners have a purchase and sales agreement that allows Modec to cover operations and maintenance of the FPSO for a period of 20 years with Shell. This follows the front-end engineering design (FEED) contract in March 2024 that has already been delivered.
The new agreement makes Modec responsible for the design of the hull and all related topsides facilities for the FPSO before mooring it with the help of a Sofec Spread Mooring system. Once moored at a water depth of approximately 2,000m, around 200km South of Rio de Janeiro, FPSO Gato do Mato will be capable of producing 120,000 barrels of oil per day (bopd), as well as associated gas and water. The produced stabilized crude will be stored in the FPSO tanks, and the oil will be offloaded to shuttle tankers to go to market.
Modec's 19th project in Brazil and the second for Shell, the FPSO Gato do Mato will feature a new built, custom-made next generation hull, designed on the basis of a 25-year shelf life.
The FPSO Gato do Mato will be the 19th FPSO to be developed by MODEC for Brazil. It will be the second unit to be delivered directly to Shell by MODEC for operation in Brazil.
The FPSO agreement comes soon after Shell took the FID for Gato do Mato, a deep-water project in the pre-salt area of the Santos Basin, offshore Brazil.
The Gato do Mato Consortium includes Shell (operator with a 50% stake), Ecopetrol (30%), TotalEnergies (20%) and Pré-Sal Petróleo S.A. (PPSA) acting as the manager of the production sharing contract (PSC). It is said that the estimated recoverable resource volumes from the site can reach upto 370 mn barrels.
“Gato do Mato is an example of our ongoing investment in increasingly efficient projects,” said Zoe Yujnovich, Shell’s Integrated Gas and Upstream Director. “The project contributes to maintaining stable liquids production from our advantaged Upstream business, and expands our leadership as the largest foreign producer in Brazil as we continue working to provide for the world’s energy needs well into the future.”
The consortium anticipates that the Gato do Mato field will commence operations in 2029.
Cilck here to know more about Offshore Network's events in Latin America.
Aquaterra Energy, a leading provider of offshore engineering solutions, has secured a multi-million-dollar, multi-year contract with Intrepid Energy Limited (IEL) to supply a tailored subsea well intervention equipment package for a project in Nigeria
The turnkey well access system will enable IEL to conduct intervention operations across multiple mature oil wells, enhancing reservoir production.
The contract covers a complete seabed-to-surface intervention package, including Aquaterra Energy’s TRT tieback tooling for production bore and annular access, a lightweight well pressure control system, and an ISO 13628-7 qualified open water intervention riser with an integrated tensioning system. In addition to supplying the equipment, Aquaterra Energy will provide ongoing offshore engineering support throughout the project.
Designed for deployment from jack-ups and lift boats, the 7-3/8” lightweight well access solution offers a cost-effective and operationally efficient alternative to floating vessels, reducing intervention costs while maintaining safety and performance standards.
Andrew McDowell, Delivery Director at Aquaterra Energy, stated, “Our expertise in offshore engineering allows us to develop tailored intervention solutions that address the operational challenges of subsea well access. This system has been engineered for efficiency, ease of deployment, and safety, helping IEL optimise intervention activities across Nigeria while reducing costs. By delivering a complete, integrated package, we are simplifying complex operations and enabling operators to maximise production potential.”
Engr Seun Alonge, CEO at Intrepid Energy Limited, added, “Working with Aquaterra Energy marks a significant step forward for our intervention operations in Nigeria. Their specialised technology enhances our ability to execute intervention programmes efficiently, maximising performance across our assets. By combining Aquaterra’s technical expertise with our deep understanding of the local operating environment, we’re confident this collaboration will enhance production outcomes and create lasting value for our operations in the region.”
The project is set to span multiple years, with Aquaterra Energy providing continuous technical support through a dedicated team of engineers.
George Morrison, CEO at Aquaterra Energy, commented, "Delivering reliable and efficient well access solutions for shallow water subsea operations is central to how we support offshore operators. This collaboration with IEL reinforces our commitment to providing cutting-edge engineering solutions that enhance efficiency and reduce operational costs. With West Africa playing an important role in the global energy sector, we’re proud to continue supporting its offshore industry with our expertise and innovative technologies.”
D&A GOM, the world’s leading decommissioning conference, is all set to open its doors on 8 April in Houston!
The two-day event, held in partnership with Promethean Energy at Norris Conference Centers, Houston City Center, will provide an unmissable opportunity to gain exclusive access to the latest operator case studies, decommissioning strategies, regulatory insights and best-in-class technology to create long-lasting partnerships for upcoming abandonment campaigns. Delegates will also be able to get together with more than 600 decommissioning decision makers at dedicated networking events.
Leading operators including Apache, bp, Chevron, HESS, LLOG exploration, Petrobras, Promethean Energy, Shell and Woodside will share their decommissioning insights, along with other leading industry experts.
With environmental factors coming to the fore, the event will kick off with an opening presentation on the circular economy and decommissioning, followed by a panel session on reefing processes in Texas, Louisiana, Mississippi and Alabama and presentations focusing on platform reuse and recycling. This will be followed by sessions focusing on aspects of planning and execution of decommissioning projects, a highlight being presentations focusing on the challenges, learnings and success factors of the Chevron Genesis Spar removal campaign.
As a forum for the sharing of international expertise, the event will feature international decommissioning case studies and overviews from the North Sea, Australia and Brazil. A highlight will be a panel session on pipelines, where senior managers and directors from Offshore Operators Committee, bp, Woodside and Appache will discuss global approaches to pipeline removal. This will be followed by a case study from Shell focusing on the relationship between circularity and decommissioning and how these concepts were applied in an offshore field in Brazil.
All the latest technology advances will be covered, from Oilfield Service Professionals’ modular, high-performance drillable technologies for enhanced wellbore isolation and remediation to Rotech Subsea’s state-of-the-art CFE tools and pipeline grabs and Welltec’s advanced wireline intervention tools.
“Last year demonstrated how critical this topic still is with the community as 500+ delegates joined us in Houston from all over the world, as we discussed the pertinent issues within decommissioning and abandonment. We are confident we can build on the successful 2024 conference by ensuring that lessons learned and critical case studies are discussed in 2025,” said Joseph Watson, Lead Project Manager.
Featuring 600+ delegates, 20+ operator delegations, more than 40 expert speakers, 35 decom tech demos, three breakout technical workshops and eight bespoke networking sessions, D&A GOM 2025 promises to be an unmissable event in the region’s oil and gas calendar.
For further information see the website at https://events.offsnet.com/DA-GOM-2025#/ or get in touch with Joseph Watson at
Australia’s 2025 federal budget, unveiled this week, reinforces the government’s commitment to decommissioning, including the completion of the Northern Endeavour project.
Offshore decommissioning has been considered a growing and expensive issue in the Gulf of Mexico.
Several analyses conducted to estimate the costs of decommissioning infrastructure in the federal waters of the Gulf of Mexico have shown that it would amount to an estimated US$40bn to US$70bn. According to a 2024 report by the Governmental Accountability Office (GAO), out of a total of 8,000 wells and 1,600 oil and gas platforms, nearly 2.700 wells and 500 platforms are overdue for decommissioning. To be considered overdue, a platform needs to be unoperational on an active lease for more than 10 years or left standing with an inactive lease for well over a year. In case of the latter, the lease may have either expired, been relinquished or terminated.
Shallow and deep water wells are the two main types of wells located in the Gulf of Mexico. While shallow-water wells were initially developed by large oil companies, they were later sold to smaller companies over the years, that lacked the financial resources of major oil companies. Being of minimum economic value, shallow-water wells are often at a high risk of being abandoned by their operators. On the other hand, deepwater wells are newer and relatively more complex that shallow-water wells. Being larger and deeper makes them higher in economic value. Therefore, decommissioning these wells during their end-of-life stage is costlier when compared to shallow-water wells.
According to a report by Ocean Conservancy, decommissioning a deepwater well costs a whopping US$24mn, while a shallow-water well costs only around US$660,000. Currently, there are more than 1,600 active deepwater wells in the Gulf of Mexico, with the cost of decommissioning these wells estimated to exceed US$34bn. Considering subsea pipelines that are often left discarded on ocean floors, the exact cost of their removal has not been estimated, but is expected to have a high cost similar to deepwater well decommissioning.
Solstad Offshore has secured another contract with Subsea7 for its subsea construction vessel Normand Subsea.
This new contract extends the partnership between the two companies for at least another two years, with potential for further expansion. The contract is now in place and set to commence from 1 January, 2026.
Normand Subsea, a versatile inspection, maintenance and repair (IMR) vessel, has been on contract with Subsea7 since 2009. In July last year, Subsea7 exercised the 2025 optional charter period for the vessel, meaning the current contract is firm until 31 December, 2025, with no further expansion options. Under the new contract, the vessel will continue to serve Subsea7 for another two years, including three yearly options.
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