According to new research by the North Sea Transition Authority (NSTA), the oil and gas industry in the North Sea spent UK£1.6bn on decommissioning redundant wells and infrastructure last year.
This figure is more than any in the previous five years with UK£8bn spent accumulatively between 2017 and 2022 and will remain high for the years ahead, with UK£2bn expected to be spent per year in the next decade. Of the work associated with the UK North Sea alone, UK suppliers are forecast to take the lion’s share at 70%.
The NSTA was pleased to indicate that the sector appears to be living up to its North Sea Transition Deal Pledge to ensure at least half of decommissioning spending goes to the UK supply chain and that it is meeting legal obligations to clean and remove infrastructure once production ceases. It continued that the industry has now built an impressive track record of carrying out decommissioning projects cost-efficiently and safely due to its willingness to share learnings and date. It is also embracing new technologies' commercial models.
Emerging challenges in recent years – such as a heightening demand for equipment, vessels and services from other regions and sectors – has led to an estimated total decommissioning cost of around UK£40bn that must be footed in the years ahead. However, the NSTA has stated it is confident the industry can overcome associated hurdles, meet cost-efficiency targets and ultimately lower the estimate to around UK£33.3bn by the end of 2028.
To support this, the NSTA is providing ongoing support by introducing new key performance indicators and benchmarks to provide a more complete picture of how well decommissioning projects are being planned and executed. This will help to identify opportunities for industry stakeholders to improve performance and realise further cost-efficiencies.
Pauline Innes, NSTA Director of Supply Chain and Decommissioning, remarked, “The North Sea decommissioning sector is highly active and productive, and the industry is ideally placed to realise the massive UK£21bn opportunity which will come its way over the next 10 years.
“However, operators must redouble their commitment to collaborate with the supply chain and plan even more effectively if they are to overcome challenging market conditions and remain competitive on cost. The NSTA will continue to use its powers and influence to support the industry as it strives for continuous improvement, including through the development of new benchmarks.”
Bob Fennell, DaRT Co-Chair and North Sea Executive Vice President at Harbour Energy, added, “It is critical that North Sea operators work together to ensure that oil and gas assets which, at the end of their production life, cannot be repurposed to support new technologies like carbon capture and storage, are decommissioned safely and in the most cost-effective manner. Collaborating and sharing data is an important first step to providing the supply chain with the visibility and confidence they require to meet UK demand for such works in a timely and cost-competitive way.”
The proposed joint venture between SLB, Subsea7 and Aker Solutions has taken the next step to being realised following regulatory approval by antitrust authorities in Brazil.
With the signing off from the Brazilian authorities, all regulatory approvals and clearances have now been obtained, including those required in Angola, Mozambique, Australia, Norway and US, making the Q4 2023 closing more likely.
The joint venture has been pursued in order to help customers unlock reserves, reduce time to first oil, lower development costs and achieve decarbonisation goals in their projects. The companies will pool their deep reservoir domain and engineering expertise, extensive subsea production and processing technology portfolios, manufacturing scale and capabilities, and comprehensive suite of life-of-field solutions for clients around the world. This has this been described as a “milestone in subsea production economics” by the companies.
Following this announcement, the parties have stated they will continue to work to satisfy the remaining conditions for closing and aim to do so as practicably possible in Q4 2023.
Spirit Energy is celebrating its busiest-year-to-date in regards to decommissioning activities across the Central North Sea (CNS), Southern North Sea (SNS) and East Irish Sea.
Some of the recent work to complete includes the final phase of the campaign to remove the DP3 and DP4 installations in the Morecambe Bay development. Allseas completed the work through the use of Pioneering Spirit, the largest and most versatile offshore construction vessel in the world which is capable of lifting entire topsides of up to 48,000 t and jackets up to 20,000 t in a single piece. For this project in the East Irish Sea, a total of 9,000 t of jacket structures were removed in tandem using the jacket lift system and loaded directly onto the Iron lady. It was then to be transferred to Fife for recycling.
In CNS, a 14 well plug and abandonment campaign is being executed from the Well-Safe Defender vessel across four fields: Chestnut, Birch, Larch and Sycamore. Chestnnut’s decommissioning has now been completed.
“The Chestnut campaign has been delivered with exemplary safety and operational performance; this was our ultimate aim when we set out to select our partners for the CNS abandonment campaign. With this first milestone achieved we look forward to the remainder of the campaign,” remarked Nicholas Riley, Well Operations Manager, Spirit Energy.
Meanwhile, in SNS, Heerema Marine Contractors has successfully removed three topsides and three jackets with SSCV Thialf crane vessel. DeepOcean are set to recover subsea infrastructure from six assets later this year. The recycling of the all the structures will be conducted by Thompsons of Prudhoe in the Port of Blyth.
Head of Decommissioning and projects at Spirit Energy, Donald Martin, commented, “Combining decommissioning programmes and supply chain opportunities at portfolio level has created significant economies of scale with our partners leveraging the capability of their assets. This has also helped create opportunities to share campaign management responsibilities, leading to a lean and agile team. The recent successful completion of the removals of the DP3 and DP4 jackets marks a significant milestone towards our longer-term transition plan for the Morecambe hub being converted into a world-class carbon storage cluster.”
Spirit Energy, CEO, Neil McCulloch, concluded, “We are very proud of our efforts and achievements in decommissioning carried out by a first-class team of Spirit employees working collaboratively with the supply chain. Our team has thought strategically and formed long-term, high-value and high-trust relationships with our supply chain partners and we are very pleased to have achieved such a high level of local content and repeat business with UK and Netherlands based firms where our core business lies. Of course, we are also pleased to continually deliver industry leading decommissioning cost performance in line with our stewardship obligations from our regulators.”
The global offshore well intervention market is set for a period of extended growth in light of stable oil prices forecast in the short-term, maintained oil demand in the medium- and possibly long-term, and ever-increasing environmental pressures.
Globally, spending on well intervention is on the rise with Rystad Energy predicting an increase by almost 20% in 2023 to take the total tally to US$58bn. This is just the start of a forthcoming surge with 17% of wells predicted to go through the intervention process by 2027.
North America accounts for 64% of the total wells ready for intervention by 2027, according to Rystad, giving rise to the dramatic potential of the market in the Gulf of Mexico. According to BSEE, there are approximately 1,885 active production platforms on the OCS with more than 60% older than 25 years.
This is leaving operators grappling with the need to maintain production rates while also dealing with ever-ageing infrastructure, with mounting regulatory pressure increasing the need to address decommissioning obligations. In facing this conundrum, an increasing amount of well intervention activity is highlighting the importance of this service as a means to address both sides.
As new technological innovations become more viable and the understanding around methods such as light well intervention build, the market will only advance in stature, suggesting it will finally meet the potential it has promised for so long, creating a tantalising future for the crowd of service and equipment providers offering their assistance.
Reflex Marine's STORM-WORK suspended work basket was successfully employed in its 100th offshore project in October 2020.
The STORM-WORK was designed specifically for offshore industrial work activities and was very well received by offshore operators across industries – heavylift, decommissioning, oil & gas, and offshore wind. ConocoPhillips in Australia is using the customised enlarged version of STORMWORK while the standard units have been employed in multiple projects throughout Europe, among others, with Seaway7.
The design, safeguarding both the workers inside the basket and the assets worked on thanks to the soft-touch features and contoured shape, is praised by users worldwide. The small footprint and light weight allow for improved manoeuvring, while the highly durable, low-maintenance materials used ensure long unit lifespan.
“The unit is excellent for accessing areas with obstacles and tight landing spaces," comments a STORM-WORK user from Boskalis. Reflex Marine’s innovative work basket design has been recognised by industrial engineering body LEEA with an award in the Safety category confirming the outstanding crew protection features and safety benefits.
STORM-WORK is available for purchase and hire and can be customised to meet the required size and capacity.
C-Kore Systems has announced the successful completion of a decommissioning campaign offshore Western Australia.
The campaign was completed using C-Kore Sensor Monitor units to interrogate the wellhead pressure and temperature sensors on the oilfield. With their automated test routine, the Sensor Monitor units repeatedly tested and data-logged the information, allowing the operator to complete the campaign swiftly and safely.
Cynthia Pikaar, Sales & Marketing Manager for C-Kore, said, “It is fantastic to be working on this project in Australia. With an increasing number of orders for our Sensor Monitor tools, operators understand the value of our testing tools offer, automating and data-logging results. We look forward to working in Australia again on the next campaign.”
C-Kore Systems has a range of subsea testing tools used globally for decommissioning, fault-finding and new installation campaigns. The tools can be operated without the need for C-Kore personnel to be present, providing rapid feedback. The systems offer significant operational savings to testing campaign with the simple, accurate and reliable deployment.
WSG has announced it has sold its well intervention division and will use the funds to lay the foundation for a period of international expansion for the rebranded WSG Energy Services (WSGES).
WSGES has diverted its traditional well intervention offerings and will now primarily focus on growing its market share in Process, Pipeline & Industrial Services (PPIS). The business will retain its global footprint with a strong presence in the UK, mainland Europe, Asia and Australia, with its next objective to establish a permanent position in the North American market to capitalise on the success of recent projects.
Proceeds of the well intervention division, which was sold to Excellence Logging (Exlog), a provider of oilfield services, will be used to fund further acquisitions and maintain R&D for refining the company’s emissions management processes and technologies, which are currently in high demand.
Founder Geert Prins will remain an integral part of WSGES’ C-suite as Chairman, while Andrew Burrell continues in the role of CEO.
“Under Geert Prins’ stewardship, WSG’s well intervention division evolved into a successful international well services provider to the energy sector and we are confident that business will thrive under its new ownership,” said Burrel.
“WSGES’ wide range of skills sets and our well established commitment to R&D opens up significant opportunities in energy transition, and we know there is industry-wide interest in our innovative emissions management capabilities, which is an area in which we will continue to invest.”
Chairman Geert Prins continued, “This is part of the natural evolution of the business I set up in 2005, and Phase Two of our success story is in the very capable hands of Andrew Burrell and a highly experienced international management team.”
“Diversification into alternative sectors and developing new products which address emissions management – something the energy sector is committed to – will drive future growth and we have some very exciting developments in the pipeline.”
Global well integrity specialist Coretrax is planning for future growth following a slew of recent project wins, with company headcounts rising by 20% to 300 people over the last year.
The business has expanded operational bases in the US, Middle East, and Southeast Asia, with further growth in the pipeline for the Asia Pacific region with the first senior appointments in Australia. The company expects to recruit a further 50 people this year to meet the demand of projects.
Coretrax has also supported carbon capture (CCS) and geothermal campaigns, seeing significant potential to bring its technological expertise to the lower carbon sector.
John Fraser, CEO of Coretrax, said, “We have experienced growth across our operations and are currently running live projects on 250 rigs in the Middle East, with support provided from our teams in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia and Dubai.
“In the US, our unique expandable technology is being used to bring wells well on stream, delivering cost savings and efficiencies with international orders mounting up for this technology that can add value in one run.
“In the UK, the majority of our work is in wellbore clean up and plugging and abandonment as we help operators to safely decommission their assets.”
Coretrax continues to invest in research and developments, and currently bolsters more than 50 technologies across its four product lines. With a strong engineering focus, the company brings together a range of solutions into an integrated package to provide a full well lifecycle solution.
SLB, a global technology company, has released its Q2 2023 results revealing the part intervention and stimulation activities are playing in the business growth.
The company reported a revenue of US$8.1bn, representing a 20% increase year-on-year. SLB CEO Olivier Le Peuch commented, “I am very pleased with our second-quarter results, which reflect significant growth in the international markets, particularly in the Middle East & Asia, and offshore. North America revenue also grew sequentially benefiting from our agility across the most resilient basins and market segments, although the rig count in the area declined. As the upcycle continues to unfold, we are excited about the opportunities for our business, with international- and offshore-led growth fueling strong pretax segment operating margin expansion and cash flows as highlighted in this quarter’s results.
“Compared to the same period a year ago, international revenue grew 21%, outpacing North America which increased 14%. Year on year, revenue grew 20% and pretax segment operating margin expanded 240 basis points (bps), representing the tenth straight quarter that we have increased our pretax segment operating margin year on year. This was driven by the international markets, where we posted our highest year-on-year incremental margin in the last three years, demonstrating the earnings power of our operations in these markets.”
Breaking this down, the company noted that reservoir performance revenue grew 9% sequentially due, primarily, to increased intervention, stimulation and evaluation activity internationally. Profitability improved mainly due to higher activity and improved operating leverage across intervention and stimulation with new technology deployment contributing to margin expansion, particularly in Saudia Arabia, Qatar, Europe & Africa and Mexico.
The Middle East & Asia was a particularly strong-performing region for the company with a 10% increase sequentially driven by double-digit revenue growth in Saudi Arabia, Egypt, UAE, Kuwait, China and India. SLB attributed to higher drilling, intervention, stimulation and evaluation activity here, both on land and offshore. Saudi Arabia was a particular hotspot for higher stimulation and intervention activity. Reservoir Performance grew 23% year-on-year, primarily down to higher intervention and stimulation activity led by the Middle East & Asia.
The company also highlighted how it had experienced increased intervention and stimulation activity in Argentina which helped offset the lower revenue recorded in Mexico.
Exergy International and Geothermal Engineering Ltd. (GEL) have signed a contract for the supply of a 3MWe gross capacity Organic Rankine Cycle (ORC) power plant in Cornwall.
The United Downs project represents the first integrated deep geothermal project in the UK, poised to produce 3MWe of baseload power and up to 10MWth of zero-carbon heat for the large housing development at Langarth Garden Village.
The turnkey EPC contract awarded to Exergy covers the design and engineering to the ORC system, the manufacturing of the equipment and the overall build of the power plant. As the system will be a closed loop cycle, the plant will not release any vapour into the atmosphere and will boast a small footprint with a minimal visual impact.
The system will be delivered over 18 months, with the commissioning process expected by late 2024. Once in operation, the installation is predicted to save more than 6,500 tonnes of CO2 emissions per year.
Luca Pozzoni, General Manager of Exergy International, said, “We are excited to embark on this journey with GEL. The United Downs project will be a milestone in the development of the geothermal industry in the UK and will give us the valuable opportunity to contribute with our technology and expertise to kick-starting geothermal power generation in the country.”
CEO of GEL, Ryan Law, commented, “Geothermal heat is an untapped renewable resource with the potential to provide huge amounts of energy-efficient and carbon-free electricity and heat. Exergy is well known globally for their competence in the binary geothermal power sector and we are very pleased to be working with them on this landmark project in Cornwall.”
The United Downs Deep Geothermal Power project will be home to the first deep geothermal power plant in the UK. Two directional wells have already successfully been drilled for purpose, with production well being measured to a depth of 5,275 m – the deepest onshore well in the UK – and the injection well to 2,939 m.
International well plug and abandonment specialists, Well-Safe Solutions, are expanding into the Asia Pacific region with the appointment of Massimo Delia as General Manager of the newly created Well-Safe Solutions Pty Ltd.
Based in Perth, Australia, Massimo joins the company with more than 20 years of subsea commercial and engineering experience.
Commenting on his appointment, Massimo said, “I have watched Well-Safe Solutions go from strength to strength in Europe, with the growth of its Subsurface and Well Engineering team capabilities and the mobilisation of all three well plug and abandonment assets for the first time in the company’s history being just some of the recent highlights.
“I am eager to play my part in the next chapter of the company’s growth and look forward to collaborating with my colleagues, clients and stakeholders in the UK and Australia.”
Phil Milton, Chief Executive Officer of Well-Safe Solutions, said, “Working in tandem with the wider Well-Safe Solutions team, Massimo will be instrumental in leveraging our capabilities and track record to partner with operations and stakeholders throughout Australia and Asia.
“We’re looking forward to undertaking offshore and onshore well decommissioning projects with the input of the highly experiences engineering sector and supply chain already present within the region.”
In the initial assessment of Australia’s offshore oil and gas decommissioning liabilities, the Centre of Decommissioning Australia (CODA) has identified more than US$50bn worth of work ahead – with well P&A and pipeline removal the majority of the estimated spend. This includes the abandonment of more than 1,000 offshore wells, in addition to a significant onshore market.
With more than 400 wells worldwide featuring Well-Safe Solutions’ engineering expertise and more than 70 wells either decommissioned or to be decommissioned by the business in the North Sea alone, the company is well-placed to deliver on its mission to provide safe, efficient and collaborative well plug and abandonment operations in the Asia Pacific region.
Fervo Energy, one of the leaders in next-generation geothermal technology, has announced the successful completion of its well test at its full-scale commercial pilot project, Project Red, in Nevada.
The successful test confirmed the commercial viability of Fervo’s drilling technology and further established Project Red as one of the most productive enhanced geothermal systems (ESG) to date. The 30-day well test achieved a flow rate of 63 litres per second at high temperature, which enabled 3.5MW of electric production, setting new records for both flow and power output from an EGS.
Fervo is the first company to successfully drill a horizontal well pair for commercial geothermal production, achieving lateral lengths of 3,250 ft, and reaching temperatures of 191°C. Data collected through the course of this pilot prohject will enable rapid advancement in geothermal deployment, with Fervo’s next horizontal well pair planned to achieve more than double the power output of the pilot design.
Tim Latimer, Fervo Energy CEO and Co-Founder, said, “By applying drilling technology from the oil and gas industry, we have proven that we can produce 24/7 carbon-free energy resources in new geographies across the world. The incredible results we share today are the product of many years of dedicated work and commitment from Fervo employees and industry partners, especially Google.”
Fervo and Google signed the world’s first corporate agreement in 2021 to develop next-generation geothermal power. The end goal for the partnership is to power Google’s Cloud region in Las Vegas with an ‘always-on’, carbon-free resource that will reduce the company’s hourly reliance on fossil fuels.
Results from Project Red indicate that geothermal energy could supply more than 20% of US power needs and compliment wind and solar in order to reach a fully decarbonised grid.
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